Reaching the Stars & Bey…Images of NASA Collection/Reaching the Stars and Beyond: Images of NASA Collection.iso/nasa.txt

Text File | 1993-10-01 | 63KB | 1,158 lines

                                  NASA SLIDES
                    From the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory



      COMPUTER GRAPHICS - JPL1_:

      1   Jupiter and Lo (volcanoes to scale)
      2   Lo minus 3 hours Voyager 1 and Dipper
      3   Shortly before Voyager 1 & Titan flyby
      4   Voyager 1 at Saturn closest approach
      5   Voyager 1 crosses Saturn ring plane
      6   Voyager 2 arcs through the Saturn system
      7   Voyager 2 at Saturn minus 3 hours
      8   Voyager 2 at Saturn closest approach
      9   Voyager 2 just before ring crossing
      10  Voyager 2 just after ring crossing
      11  Voyager 2 leaves Saturn for Uranus
      12  Hugh crater on Mimas
      13  Flying over Cassini's division
      14  Using Uranus gravity assist to head for Neptune
      15  Voyager 2 at Uranus encounter minus 2 hours
      16  Uranus and Miranda, innermost of 5 known moons
      17  Voyager 2 at Uranus closest approach
      18  Diving over Neptune 7,500 km from cloud deck
      19  Looking back at sun Neptune closest approach
      20  Neptune & Triton 7 hrs. after Voyager 2 encounter

                                                                   Page 2.

      MANNED SPACE FLIGHTS - JPL2_:

      This selection of slides represents the era of the Mercury, Gemini,
      Apollo and Skylab missions (1960 through the mid-seventies).

      1   Atlas liftoff
      2   Astronaut Al White, first American space walk
      3   Gemini 7 capsule in space
      4   Gemini recovery
      5   Capsule interior
      6   Soyuz spacecraft before docking
      7   Leonov - Slayton - Stafford
      8   Apollo craft before docking
      9   Apollo 11 liftoff
      10  Apollo 10 command capsule above Moon horizon, 375 miles away
      11  Apollo 9 LEM-3 above the Atlantic
      12  Apollo 10:  the Snoopy ascends from the Moon to dock with
          Charlie Brown
      13  Apollo 11:  Aldrin about to touch lunar surface
      14  Apollo 17:  Cernan walks toward rover
      15  Apollo 17:  Schmitt works scoop
      16  Apollo 12 Astronaut Alan F. Bean visits JPL's Surveyor III
      17  Apollo 9 recovery in the Atlantic
      18  Skylab 3 over Earth
      19  Skylab 2:  Lousma flying in jet chair
      20  Astronaut Garriott outside Skylab 2

                                                                   Page 3.

      SPACE SHUTTLE MISSIONS - JPL3_:

      This selection of slides depicts the Space Transportation System
      (STS), popularly known as the Space Shuttle.  Included in this slide
      set are the early drop-tests (1977) of the non-orbital test model
      Enterprise

      1   747/Shuttle in Mate-Demate Device
      2   Takeoff
      3   Moment of parting
      4   Craft, Moment after parting
      5   Closeup, Enterprise landing
      6   Shuttle at Launch Complex 39, night
      7   Launch, Columbia's first flight
      8   Solid Rocket Booster separates
      9   John Young at the controls of Columbia
      10  Crippen, Zero-G
      11  Columbia 2 Cargo Bay
      12  Columbia's approach for landing
      13  Shuttle landing
      14  Test fire of Columbia's maneuvering system
      15  Astronauts Musgrave and Peterson float in cargo bay
      16  Astronaut Musgrave and cargo bay
      17  TDRS satellite deployment
      18  Separation between the TDRS and the Challenger
      19  Satellite view of orbiter
      20  Satellite view of orbiter

                                                                   Page 4.

      EARTH - JPL4_:

      This is a selection of the best photographs of our planet Earth.
      The photographs were taken by Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, Shuttle and
      Landsat.

      1   Earth:  Antarctica (Bottom), African Continent with East Coast
          of Island of Madagascar (Center)
      2   Himalaya Mountains
      3   Northern Gulf of California
      4   Los Angeles
      5   Earth:  Antarctica (Bottom), African Continent, Saudi Peninsula
          (Top Center)
      6   Earth
      7   Southern California, Salton Sea
      8   Nile River Delta
      9   Southern California, Baja, from Apollo 16
      10  High Sierra from 225 miles
      11  Earth
      12  Gulf of Mexico
      13  Earth and Mediterranean
      14  U.S. East Coast
      15  Great cyclonic storm
      16  Earthrise over Moon
      17  Earthrise over Moon
      18  Earthrise over Moon
      19  Earth eclipse
      20  Earthrise over Moon

                                                                   Page 5.

      NASA JPL/CALTECH FACILITIES - JPL5_:

      Jet Propulsion Laboratory - JPL is an operating division of the
      California Institute of Technology and uses facilities provided by
      the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  JPL employs more
      than 4,000 people at facilities located on 175 acres northwest of
      Pasadena.

      Mission Test and Imaging System (MTIS) - MTIS is a JPL control
      center where planetary spacecraft radio signals, which have traveled
      across hundreds of million miles of space, are converted into
      pictures by special processing equipment.

      Deep Space Network - The Space Flight Operations Facility (SFOF) is
      the center of a worldwide communications network known as the Deep
      Space Network (DSN), which communicates 24 hours a day with several
      unmanned spacecraft traveling on their journeys through our solar
      system.  Data is received from and transmitted to 3 tracking
      stations located in Madrid, Spain; Tidbinbilla, Australia; and
      Goldstone, California.  There are three antennas at each station
      (26-m, 34-m and 64-m antennas).

      Edwards Test Station - Edwards Test Station is located at Edwards
      Air Force Base (near Palmdale), California.  It is an off-site JPL
      facility used to carry out test operations that cannot easily be
      accommodated at JPL's Pasadena facilities.  It was established in
      1945 and has expanded from 35 acres to the present 600 acres.

      Table Mountain Observatory - Table Mountain Observatory at
      Wrightwood, California, is owned by NASA and operated under contract
      by the California Institute of Technology.  The observatory was
      founded to perform planetary patrol work, and now has the following
      instruments:  1) a 16-inch Cassegrain optical telescope owned by
      Harvey Mudd College, 2) a 24-inch Cassegrain optical telescope with
      a 40-foot planetary spectrograph and 3) two radio telescopes.  In
      addition, a 40-inch optical telescope is being installed by Pomona
      College on the JPL-Table Mountain site.  The telescope will be
      jointly operated by Pomona College and JPL.  The observatory carries
      on studies of the Sun, planets, comets, asteroids and other
      astronomical objects.  The observatory is staffed by two JPL
      employees--a resident manager and a resident astronomer-and six
      contractor employees.  It is used primarily by JPL, NASA and
      university and NASA-contractor astronomers.

      California Institute of Technology (Caltech) - Caltech began as a
      local school of arts and crafts founded in 1891 by the Honorable
      Amos G. Throop.  It was known as Throop Institute until 1921, when
      it was transformed from an arts and crafts college into an
      institution of engineering and scientific research under the
      guidance of astronomer George Ellery Hale, chemist Arthur A. Noyes
      and physicist Robert A. Millikan.  At that time it was renamed the
      California Institute of Technology (Caltech).  Caltech is an
      independent, private university located in Pasadena, California and
      operates JPL for NASA.

                                                                   Page 6.

      1   JPL buildings at Arroyo Seco
      2   Aerial of JPL
      3   Aerial of JPL
      4   MTIS
      5   MTIS
      6   Goldstone 210-ft antenna
      7   Goldstone 210-ft antenna
      8   Goldstone 85-ft antenna
      9   Spain 210-ft antenna
      10  Spain 85-ft antenna
      11  Australia 210-ft antenna
      12  Australia 85-ft antenna
      13  SFOF
      14  SFOF
      15  Edwards Test Station
      16  Table Mountain
      17  Table Mountain
      18  Caltech
      19  Caltech
      20  Foothill complex

                                                                   Page 7.

      1973-1983 PROJECTS - JPL6_:

      Mariner 10 - The Mariner 10 spacecraft was launched on November 3,
      1973, from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.  Its primary objective
      was to fly by and study the planets Venus and Mercury.  Calculations
      showed that it would be possible to use the gravity of Venus to
      propel the spacecraft onward for an encounter with Mercury,
      providing a "space first" - visiting two planets with one
      spacecraft.  Because the orbits of Mercury and the spacecraft were
      synchronous (Mercury orbited the Sun twice as the spacecraft orbited
      the Sun once) it was possible for the spacecraft to make three
      passes by Mercury, Mariner 10 encountered Venus on February 5, 1974
      and Mercury on March 20 and September 21, 1974 and March 16, 1975.
      The spacecraft returned approximately 8,200 black and white
      photographs of Venus and Mercury.  Weight of the spacecraft
      (including the instruments) was 1,280 lbs.  The spacecraft was built
      by Boeing Co.

      Seasat - Seasat was launched on June 26, 1978, from Vandenberg Air
      Force Base in California.  Its objective was to study the world's
      oceans from near-polar orbit (500 miles above the Earth), with
      microwave instruments.  The satellite operated successfully for 105
      days when a power failure ended its mission.  The massive amount of
      data returned, however, is still being analyzed with outstanding
      scientific results.  Seasat was built by Lockheed Missiles and Space
      Company and weighed 5,050 lbs.

      Viking - Two Viking spacecraft (each consisting of an orbiter and a
      lander) were launched from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.  Viking
      1 was launched on August 20, 1975 and Viking 2 on September 9, 1975.
      Their objective was to study Mars from orbit and to land two landers
      on the surface of Mars to study Mars' surface composition and to
      search for life on the planet.  This was the United States' first
      attempt to land a spacecraft on another planet.  Viking 1 went into
      orbit around Mars on June 19, 1976; the lander touched down on the
      surface at Chryse Planitia on July 20, 1976.  Viking 2 went into
      orbit around Mars August 7, 1976; the lander touched down at Utopia
      Planitia on September 3, 1976.  The end of mission for both orbiters
      was due to depletion of attitude control fuel; orbiter 2 on July 25,
      1978 and orbiter 1 on August 7, 1980.  End of mission for lander 1
      occurred on April 11, 1980.  The last transmission received from
      lander 2 was November 13, 1982.  The orbiters were built by the Jet
      Propulsion Laboratory; the landers by Martin Marietta Corp.  Total
      weight of each lander and orbiter was 7,750 lbs.  The orbiters and
      landers returned over 56,000 black and white and color photographs
      of the surface of Mars.

      Voyager - Two Voyager spacecraft were launched in 1977 from Kennedy
      Space Center in Florida.  Voyager 1 flew by Jupiter in March of 1979
      and Saturn in November of 1980.  The spacecraft is now traveling
      toward the edge of the solar system to study interstellar space.
      Voyager 2 flew by Jupiter in July of 1979 and Saturn in August of
      1981.  This spacecraft will fly by Uranus in January of 1986 and
      Neptune in August of 1989.  Both voyagers are expected to exit the
      heliosphere (the outer edges of the solar wind) in the 1990s.

                                                                   Page 8.

      Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) - IRAS was launched from
      Vandenberg Air Force Base in California on January 25, 1983.  Its
      mission was to map all infrared objects in the universe including
      stars, galaxies and the dark clouds of dust and gas where stars are
      born, from an orbit 550 miles above Earth.  The IRAS mission ended
      on November 21, 1983, when the satellite's supply of coolant was
      depleted.  IRAS was an international mission conducted by the United
      States, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.  JPL was the U.S.
      management center for the project and will produce the IRAS sky map
      and catalog of infrared sources.

      1   Mariner 10 spacecraft
      2   Mariner 10, Venus
      3   Mariner 10, Mercury
      4   Mariner 10, Mercury
      5   Mariner 10, Mercury
      6   Seasat
      7   Seasat, L.A. Basin
      8   Seasat, topographic map of ocean
      9   Seasat, Southwest Pacific
      10  Viking Orbiter/Lander
      11  Viking Lander
      12  Viking, Mangala Valles
      13  Viking, Tharsis Ridge
      14  Viking, Chryse Planitia
      15  Viking, Trench
      16  Voyager spacecraft
      17  Voyager spacecraft
      18  IRAS
      19  Andromeda Galaxy
      20  Andromeda Galaxy

                                                                   Page 9.

      HISTORICAL MISSIONS - JPL7_:

      First Rocket Testing - The first firing of a liquid rocket engine
      was done in the Arroyo Seco on October 31, 1936, near the present
      site of JPL in Pasadena, California.

      JATO - First test of Jet-Assisted Takeoff (JATO) rockets aboard an
      aircraft was done in 1941.  They were developed by the Jet
      Propulsion Laboratory for the U.S. Army Corps.

      Explorer I - Explorer I, the first U.S. satellite, was launched into
      Earth orbit on January 31, 1958.  Its objective was to provide
      preliminary information on the environment and conditions in space
      outside Earth's atmosphere.  This satellite discovered the Van Allen
      Radiation Belts.  It circled the Earth more than 58,000 times before
      re-entering the Earth's atmosphere over the South Pacific on March
      31, 1970.  Explorer I was built by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency
      and JPL and it weighed 30 lbs.

      Pioneer IV - Pioneer IV, JPL's first NASA project, was launched on
      March 3, 1959.  Its objective was to measure cosmic radiation,
      establish the probe trajectory which was to verify the design of the
      tracking and communication system and to permit more accurate
      determination of the Moon's mass.  This was the first U.S.
      spacecraft to escape Earth's velocity.  Batteries which powered the
      transmitters on Pioneer IV went dead 82 hours, 4 minutes after
      launch.  The signal was lost when Pioneer IV was 407,000 miles from
      Earth - a new tracking record.  Built by JPL, it weighed 13 lbs.

      Ranger 1 - Ranger 1 was launched on August 23, 1961.  Its objective
      was to develop and test basic elements of spacecraft technology
      required for lunar and interplanetary missions.  IT made 111 orbits
      of Earth and traveled 3,000,000 miles.  Built by JPL; 675 lbs.

      Ranger 3 - Ranger 3 was launched on January 26, 1962.  This was the
      first attempt by the United States to take closeup pictures of the
      Moon and to make measurements on the lunar surface.  However, Ranger
      3 arrived at intercept with the Moon's orbit too early because of
      excess launch vehicle velocity.  No photos were taken.  The
      spacecraft flew by the Moon at a distance of 22,862 miles.  The
      spacecraft was built by JPL and weighed 727 lbs.

      Ranger 7 - Ranger 7 was launched on July 28, 1964 and impacted the
      Moon at the Sea of Clouds on July 31, 1964.  Its objective was to
      acquire and transmit photographs of the lunar surface before
      impacting the Moon.  Ranger 7 was the first U.S. spacecraft to
      obtain close-up photographs of the Moon, transmitting 4,316
      photographs of the Moon's surface to Earth.

      Surveyor - Seven Surveyor spacecraft were launched between June 1966
      and January 1968.  The objective for all missions was a lunar soft
      landing and to provide data in support of the Apollo program.
      Surveyors 1,3, 5, 6 and 7 transmitted several thousand black and
      white photographs of the Moon.  The spacecraft were built by Hughes
      Aircraft Co.  Weight of the Surveyors ranged from 600-637 lbs.

                                                                  Page 10.

      Mariner 2, the world's first successful interplanetary spacecraft,
      was launched on Aug. 27, 1962 and made its closest encounter with
      Venus on Dec. 14, 1962.  Its objective was to fly by Venus, perform
      close-range infrared and microwave measurements and to collect and
      transmit information on interplanetary phenomena.  JPL; 447 lbs.

      Mariner 4 was launched on November 28, 1964 and made its closest
      encounter with Mars on July 14, 1965 (flyby distance was 6,118
      miles).  Its objective was to fly by Mars and to perform scientific
      measurements in interplanetary space between the orbits of Earth and
      Mars and in the vicinity of Mars.  Built by JPL, it weighed 575 lbs.

      Mariner 5 - Mariner 5 was launched on June 12, 1967 and made its
      closest encounter with Venus on October 19, 1967 (flyby distance was
      2,480 miles).  Its objective was to fly by Venus and obtain
      scientific information on the origin and nature of Venus and its
      environment.  The spacecraft was built by JPL and weighed 540 lbs.

      Mariner 6 and 7 - Mariner 6 was launched on February 24, 1969 and
      made its closest encounter with Mars on July 30, 1969 (flyby
      distance was 2,131 miles).  Its objective was to fly by Mars'
      equator to study Martian surface and atmosphere.  Mariner 7 was
      launched on March 27, 1969 and made its closest encounter with Mars
      on August 5, 1969 (flyby distance was 2,130 miles).  Its objective
      was a flyby over Mars' southern hemisphere.  Both spacecraft were
      built by JPL and weighed 850 lbs.  Mariner 6 returned 75 black and
      white photos of Mars and Mariner 7 returned 126.

      Mariner 9 - Mariner 9 was launched May 30, 1971 and encountered Mars
      on November 13, 1971 (orbit distance was 862 miles).  Its objective
      was the study of Mars from orbit:  Map the planet and look for sites
      for the Viking landers.  Mariner 9 took the first pictures showing
      the surface of Mars' two moons, Deimos and Phobos.  The spacecraft
      was built by JPL and weighed 2,150 lbs.  Mariner 9 returned 7,329
      black and white photographs of Mars and its moons.

      1   First rocket testing at Arroyo Seco
      2   JATO (Jet-Assisted Takeoff)
      3   Explorer I spacecraft
      4   Pioneer IV spacecraft
      5   Ranger I spacecraft
      6   Ranger 3 spacecraft
      7   Ranger 7 spacecraft
      8   Ranger 9, Lunar Crater Alphonsus
      9   Surveyor spacecraft
      10  Surveyor, Lunar landscape north of Crater Tycho
      11  Mariner 2 spacecraft
      12  Mariner 4 spacecraft
      13  Mariner 4, Mars (Atlantis)
      14  Mariner 5 spacecraft
      15  Mariner 6 and 7 spacecraft
      16  Mariner 6, 15 degrees below equator at Meridiani Sinus
      17  Mariner 7, mosaic, South Polar cap of Mars
      18  Mariner 9 spacecraft
      19  Mariner 9, Mars channel
      20  Mariner 9, Nix Olympica

                                                                  Page 11.

      VOYAGER MISSION TO JUPITER - JPL8_:

      Two Voyager spacecraft were launched in 1977 from Kennedy Space
      Center in Florida.  Voyager 1 flew by Jupiter in March of 1979 and
      Saturn in November of 1980.  The spacecraft is now traveling toward
      the edge of the solar system to study interstellar space.  Voyager 2
      flew by Jupiter in July of 1979 and Saturn in August of 1981.  This
      spacecraft will fly by Uranus in January of 1986 and Neptune in
      August of 1989.  Both voyagers are expected to exit the heliosphere
      (the outer edges of the solar wind) in the 1990s.

      1   Voyager spacecraft
      2   Liftoff
      3   Jupiter with moons Io (left), Europa (below Jupiter), Ganymede
          (lower left), Callisto (lower right)
      4   Jupiter's Great Red Spot at extreme right, 23.3 million miles
      5   Jupiter and 2 of its moons - Ganymede (R. Center) and Europa
          (Top R.) taken from 29 million miles
      6   Jupiter from equator to southern polar latitudes close to Great
          Red Spot
      7   Jupiter's ring illuminated by sunlight coming from behind the
          planet
      8   Closeup of Jupiter's cloud movement
      9   Color composite of Jovian atmosphere taken 6.4 million miles
          from Jupiter
      10  Closeup of cloud movement in Northern Hemisphere
      11  Ganymede from 1.2 million kilometers
      12  Ganymede from 151,800 miles
      13  Europa, smallest moon of Jupiter, 1.2 million miles
      14  Closeup of Europa from 150,000 miles
      15  Callisto taken from 1,438,000 miles
      16  Photomosaic of Callisto is composed of 9 frames taken from
          245,000 miles
      17  False color computer mosaic of Io
      18  Io, massive volcano at horizon, Debris to height of 100 miles
      19  Io from 77,100 miles
      20  Tiny, red Amalthea, Jupiter's innermost satellite, 225,000 miles

                                                                  Page 12.

      VIKING MISSION TO MARS - JPL9_:

      Two Viking spacecraft (each consisting of an orbiter and a lander)
      were launched from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.  Viking 1 was
      launched on August 20, 1975 and Viking 2 on September 9, 1975.
      Their objective was to study Mars from orbit and to land two landers
      on the surface of Mars to study Mars' surface composition and to
      search for life on the planet.  This was the Unites States' first
      attempt to land a spacecraft on another planet.  Viking 1 went into
      orbit around Mars on June 19, 1976; the lander touched down on the
      surface at Chryse Planitia on July 20, 1976.  Viking 2 went into
      orbit around Mars August 7, 1976; the lander touched down at Utopia
      Planitia on September 3, 1976.  The end of mission for both orbiters
      was due to depletion of attitude control fuel; orbiter 2 on July 25,
      1978 and orbiter 1 on August 7, 1980.  End of mission for lander 1
      occurred on April 11, 1989.  The last transmission received from
      lander 2 was November 13, 1982.  The orbiters were built by the Jet
      Propulsion Laboratory; the landers by Martin Marietta Corp.  Total
      weight of each lander and orbiter was 7,750 lbs.  The orbiters and
      landers returned over 56,000 black and white and color photographs
      of the surface of Mars.

      1   Ground-based telescope photo of Mars by Dr. Robert Leighton
      2   Viking lander
      3   Liftoff
      4   Mars approach
      5   Olympus Mons (great volcano)
      6   Closeup of Phobos (moon of Mars)
      7   Great Ice Cliffs, North Polar Region
      8   Huge Martian canyon, Valles Marineris
      9   First photo of Mars' surface, Viking I
      10  First color photo, Viking I
      11  Valles Marineris, Viking I
      12  Soil sampler with completed trench, Viking I
      13  Viking II and Martian Utopian Plain
      14  Valles Marineris, Viking I
      15  Utopian Plain, Viking II
      16  Tharsis Ridge, youngest volcanic region on Mars
      17  Computer image and data screen
      18  Sand Dunes, Chryse Planitia Basin, Viking I
      19  Utopian Plain, Viking II
      20  Martian sunset, Viking I

                                                                  Page 13.

      MARINER 9 MISSION - JPL10_:

      Mariner 9 was launched May 30, 1971 and encountered Mars on November
      13, 1971 (orbit distance was 862 miles).  Its objective was the
      study of Mars from orbit; map the planet and look for sites for the
      Viking landers.  Mariner 9 took the first pictures showing the
      surface of Mars' two moon.  Deimos and Phobos.  The spacecraft was
      built by JPL and weighed 2,150 lbs.  Mariner 9 returned 7,329 black
      and white photographs of Mars and its moons.

      1   Mariner 9 spacecraft
      2   View of Mars from Mariner 7 spacecraft
      3   Valles Marineris
      4   Western region of Valles Marineris
      5   Martian canyon near Tithonius Lacus
      6   Frost-rimmed crater
      7   Transecting ridges
      8   Volcanic mountain, Nix Olympica
      9   Shadow of moon Phobos on Mars' surface
      10  Phobos, moon of Mars
      11  Nix Olympica region
      12  Chaotic terrain
      13  Sinuous valley in the Rasena region
      14  Crater near Pavonis Lacus
      15  Novus Mons area
      16  Mountain near Nodus Gordii
      17  Sinuous valley
      18  Phoenicis Lacus area
      19  Pits and hollows 500 miles from Martian South Pole caused by
          wind or thawing of subsurface ice
      20  Martian rilles

                                                                  Page 14.

      VOYAGER MISSION TO SATURN - JPL11_:

      Two Voyager spacecraft were launched in 1977 from Kennedy Space
      Center in Florida.  Voyager 1 flew by Jupiter in March of 1979 and
      Saturn in November of 1980.  The spacecraft is now traveling toward
      the edge of the solar system to study interstellar space.  Voyager 2
      flew by Jupiter in July of 1979 and Saturn in August of 1981.  This
      spacecraft will fly by Uranus in January of 1986 and Neptune in
      August of 1989.  Both Voyagers are expected to exit the heliosphere
      (the outer edges of the solar wind) in the 1990s.

      1   Montage of Saturnian system:  Dione front, Tethys, Mimas right,
          Enceladus, Rhea left.  Titan distant top.
      2   Color-enhanced image of Saturn, Oct. 18, 1980.  Range, 34
          million km.
      3   Saturn and three moons, Tethys, Dione and Rhea, Aug. 4, 1981.
          13 million miles.
      4   Saturn.  Moons Tethys, Dione.  Shadows, rings and moons on
          Saturn.  Photo Nov. 3, 1980.  Range 13 million km.
      5   Saturn's Northern Hemisphere.  Aug. 19, 1981.  Range 4.4 million
          miles.
      6   Enhanced image.  Saturn's clouds.  Photo Nov. 5, 1980.  Range 9
          million km.
      7   Saturn rings.  Color variations indicate different chemical
          composition.
      8   Saturn C-ring and B-ring with many ringlets.  False-color image.
          Aug. 23, 1981.
      9   Saturn's rings.  Photo Nov. 12, 1980.  Range 717,000 km.
      10  Saturn rings with "spoke" features in B-ring.  Aug. 22, 1981.
          2.5 million miles.
      11  Wide-angle view of rings just before Voyager crossed ring plane.
          Shows entire ring system highly foreshortened.
      12  F-ring.  Two braided separate orbit rings.  Photo Nov. 12, 1980.
          Range 750,000 km.
      13  Cloud-covered Titan.  Northern Hemisphere is lighter in color
          than Southern Hemisphere.
      14  Moon Titan and thick haze.  Photo Nov. 12, 1980.  Range
          435,000 km.
      15  Saturn Moon Tethys.  Note huge canyon system.
      16  Moon Dione.  Many impact craters.  Photo Nov. 12, 1980.  Range
          162,000 km.
      17  Moon Mimas.  Heavily cratered.  Photo Nov. 12, 1980.  Range
          129,000 km.
      18  Saturn's Moon Enceladus.  310 miles in diameter.  Aug. 25, 1981.
          74,000 miles.
      19  Enhanced image Moon Rhea.  Photo Nov. 11, 1980.  Distance 1.7
          million km.
      20  Saturn Moon Hyperion.  Irregular disc-shaped body.  235 miles
          across.  Aug. 24, 1981.

                                                                  Page 15.

      INFRARED ASTRONOMICAL SATELLITE (IRAS) - JPL12_:

      Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) - The mission of the Infrared
      Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) was to scan the entire sky in search
      of infrared radiation from galaxies, dust clouds, stars, solar
      system objects and previously unknown sources.  A new map of the
      infrared universe will be produced from IRAS data.

      Earth's atmosphere absorbs much of the infrared radiation from space
      and is itself a strong source of radiation.  Therefore, high-
      sensitivity infrared observations can only be made from a telescope
      operating above the atmosphere.  The IRAS telescope was cooled to
      within a few degrees of absolute zero by liquid helium and scanned
      the sky from an orbit 900 km (500 miles) high.

      IRAS detected cool objects which emit the bulk of their radiation in
      the infrared, but so little radiation in the visible that they
      cannot be seen by even the most powerful optical telescope.  Because
      infrared radiation passes freely through interstellar dust clouds,
      many objects that are hidden from the view of optical telescopes
      were clearly observed by IRAS.

      IRAS was launched from the NASA Western Test Range in California at
      6:17 p.m. (PST) on January 25, 1983.  The mission ended on November
      21, 1983 when the telescope's helium was depleted.  IRAS is a joint
      project with the United States, the United Kingdom and the
      Netherlands.  JPL manages the project for the United States.

      1   IRAS under construction at Fokker in the Netherlands
      2   IRAS in the space simulator at JPL
      3   IRAS being prepared for launch
      4   IRAS on the Delta booster
      5   Launch on January 25, 1983, 6:17 PST
      6   Launch on January 25, 1983, 6:17 PST
      7   Artist's rendition of IRAS in orbit over Western Europe
      8   IRAS orbit characteristics
      9   Large Magellanic Cloud by Schmidt Telescope, Australia
      10  Part of the Large Magellanic Cloud by IRAS
      11  Comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock discovered May 8, 1983
      12  Protostar in Barnard 5
      13  Andromeda Galaxy (M31) as seen by 200" Telescope, Palomar
          Observatory
      14  Andromeda Galaxy (M31) by IRAS
      15  Central region of the Milky Way showing Galactic Center (Palomar
          Observatory)
      16  Central region of the Milky Way showing Galactic Center (IRAS)
      17  Earth's location in our galaxy
      18  Infrared cirrus clouds
      19  Orion Nebulae by IRAS
      20  Unidentified infrared source

                                                                  Page 16.

      HALLEY'S COMET - INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES - JPL13_:

      Halley's Comet, the most famous of all the comets, is making its
      closest approach to the Sun since 1910 on February 9, 1986.
      Astronomers around the world are preparing to study it with the most
      modern techniques available.  Instrumentation on the ground, in
      aircraft and in spacecraft will be used for detailed observations of
      various cometary phenomena.  The nucleus of Halley will receive much
      attention as astronomers try to determine its size, geography,
      rotation and composition.  The atmosphere, or coma, generated as the
      nucleus sublimates in the warmth of the Sun will be studied to
      understand the complex chemistry occurring there as well as the
      composition of the dust released when the frozen gases (water,
      carbon dioxide and others) of the nucleus sublimate.  The evolution
      and activity of the gas and dust tails will receive attention to
      better understand them.  Recorded in history on the average every 76
      years since 240 B.C. (except for the 164 B.C. appearance), this
      appearance of Halley's Comet is sure to provide a wealth of new
      knowledge about comets and perhaps the origin of the solar system.

      1   Portrait of Edmond Halley.  This famous British scientist made
          the first prediction of the return of a comet that now bears his
          name.  (Note:  Halley rhymes with valley.)
      2   Representations of comets from the 16th (upper right, lower
          left), 19th (upper left) and early 20th (lower right) centuries.
      3   Halley's orbit as seen from above the plane of the solar system.
      4   Model of a cometary nucleus, source of all cometary material.
      5   The principal parts of a comet.  The sublimation of frozen gases
          in the cometary nucleus forms the coma:  The action of sunlight
          and the solar wind draw out the dust and gas tails.
      6   A comet's tail always points away from the sun but doesn't
          necessarily follow the head.
      7   Electron micrograph of a particle believed to be part of a
          comet's dust tail.
      8   Portion of the Bayeaux Tapestry showing Halley's comet in 1066
          before the Norman Conquest of England.
      9   Nuremburg Chronicle (published in 1493) representation of
          Halley's Comet in 684 A.D.
      10  A 17th Century print of Halley's Comet over Jerusalem in 66 A.D.
      11  Drawings of the inner coma in October 1835 by F.W. Bessel.
      12  Lowell Observatory wide angle photograph of Comet Halley on May
          13, 1910, showing the comet, a meteor superimposed on the tail,
          bright Venus, and the streaked lights of Flagstaff.
      13  Lowell Observatory photo of Comet Halley computer processed and
          false color added by M.J.S. Belton, Kitt Peak National Observ.
      14  The first view of Halley's Comet since 1911 shows only the
          starlike nucleus on October 16, 1982.
      15  The worldwide International Halley Watch organization is
          coordinating, standardizing, and archiving the observations of
          astronomers working in seven disciplines around the world.
      16  NASA's International Cometary Explorer spacecraft (ICE)
          approaching Comet Giacobini-Zinner in September 1985.
      17  U.S. Naval Observatory photograph of Comet Giacobini-Zinner.
      18  European Space Agency's Giotto spacecraft to study Comet Halley.
      19  Intercosmos' Venera-Halley spacecraft Vega to study the comet.
      20  Japan's Planet-A spacecraft to study Halley's Comet.

                                                                  Page 17.

      VOYAGER MISSION TO URANUS - JPL14_:

      Voyager 2 encountered distant Uranus, seventh planet from the Sun,
      in January 1896.  At the point of closest approach, on January 24,
      the spacecraft flew 50,600 miles above Uranus' cloudtops.  Voyager 2
      returned thousands of images and voluminous amounts of other data on
      the planet, its system of rings and its moons.  Ten moons were
      discovered, as were new details in the rings and the planet's
      atmosphere.  Its cameras obtained startling images of Uranus' five
      previously known moons - Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania & Oberon.
      Since launch in 1977, it has visited Jupiter, Saturn & Uranus.

      1   True-color (left) and false-color views of Uranus, January 17,
          1986.  Range 5.7 million miles.
      2   False-color composite of Uranus shows discrete cloud.  January
          14, 1986.  Range 8.0 million miles.
      3   Time-lapse images show cloud movements in Uranus' atmosphere
          over 4.6 hr. interval.  January 14, 1986.  Range 8.0 million mi.
      4   Montage simulates view over horizon of Miranda toward planet and
          rings 65,000 miles away.
      5   Farewell shot of crescent Uranus as Voyager 2 departs.  January
          25, 1986.  Range 600,000 miles.
      6   Three of the moons discovered by Voyager 2:  1986U1, 1986U3,
          1986U4.  January 18, 1986.  Range 4.8 million miles.
      7   Two "shepherd" moons, 1986U7 and 1986U8, with epsilon ring.
          January 21, 1986.  Range 2.5 million miles.
      8   False-color composite of Uranus' rings (from top):  epsilon,
          delta, gamma, eta, beta, alpha, 4, 5, and 6.  January 21, 1986.
          Range 2.6 million miles.
      9   Rings of Uranus, including newly discovered 10th ring designated
          1986U1R (barely visible below outermost, epsilon ring).  January
          23, 1986.  Range 690,000 miles.
      10  Backlit view shows continuous distribution of fine particles
          throughout ring system.  January 24, 1986.  Range 147,000 miles.
      11  Heavy cratering seen in most detailed view of Umbriel.  January
          24, 1986.  Range 346,000 miles.
      12  Best image of Oberson shows cratering and large peak on moon's
          lower limb.  January 24, 1986.  Range 410,000 miles.
      13  Mosaic of Ariel, most detailed view from Voyager 2, shows
          numerous faults and valleys.  Jan. 24, 1986.  Range 80,000 mi.
      14  Highest-resolution picture of Titania displays prominent fault
          valleys nearly 1,000 miles long.  January 24, 1986.  Range
          229,000 miles.
      15  Color composite shows evidence of impact scars and past geologic
          activity on Titania.  January 24, 1986.  Range 300,000 miles.
      16  Computer mosaic of Miranda images shows varied geologic regions
          at high resolution.  Jan. 24, 1986.  Range 18,700 to 25,000 mi.
      17  Unusual "chevron" figure seen on approach to Miranda.  January
          24, 1986.  Range 26,000 miles.
      18  Varied terrain on Miranda indicates complex geologic history.
          January 24, 1986.  Range 21,000 miles.
      19  Voyager 2 image of Miranda taken shortly before closest
          approach.  January 24, 1986.  Range 19,000 miles.
      20  Miranda displays rugged, high-elevation terrain (right), lower,
          grooved terrain and large crater (lower left) 15 miles across.
          January 24, 1986.  Range 22,000 miles.

                                                                  Page 18.

      INFRARED ASTRONOMICAL SATELLITE (IRAS) II - JPL15_:

      A joint mission of the United States, The Netherlands and the United
      Kingdom, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) captured a
      wealth of pictures of celestial objects ranging from stars and
      galaxies to interstellar dust and gas.  The spacecraft was launched
      by NASA from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, atop a Delta
      3910 on January 25, 1983.  Assuming a 900-kilometer-high (563-mile)
      polar orbit around the Earth, IRAS spent the next 10 months
      photographing infrared heat emissions from celestial objects with
      its refrigerated 22.5-inch-diameter telescope.  Superfluid helium
      was used to cool the telescope to 2.4 degrees Kelvin (-455 degrees
      Fahrenheit), minimizing interference from the spacecraft's own heat.
      The mission ended November 21, 1983, when coolant was depleted.
      Data collected by IRAS are being assembled at the Jet Propulsion
      Laboratory/California Institute of Technology Infrared Processing
      and Analysis Center (IPAC) into a sky map and a catalog of more than
      200,000 infrared sources.

      1   Night liftoff
      2   John Herschel discovers infrared by measuring Sun with prism and
          thermometers.
      3   IRAS spacecraft in thermal/vacuum chamber
      4   IRAS in orbit (artist's conception)
      5   Eta-Carina Nebula, Milky Way Galaxy
      6   Dust bands in zodiacal cloud, solar system ecliptic
      7   Comet IRAS-Araki-Alcock
      8   Point sources, entire sky
      9   Sharpless 171, star formation in Milky Way
      10  Supernova remnant in Cygnus constellation
      11  Solar-type star forming in Barnard 5 cloud
      12  All-sky image with plane of Milky Way Galaxy
      13  Beta Pictoris (ground-based optical image)
      14  Interstellar cirrus emission
      15  Large Magellanic Cloud
      16  Star formation in Orion constellation
      17  Central part of Milky Way Galaxy
      18  Andromeda Galaxy (optical image from Palomar
          Observatory,infrared from IRAS)
      19  Panoramic view of Milky Way Galaxy
      20  Small Magellanic Cloud

                                                                  Page 19.

      FUTURE MISSIONS - JPL16_:

      These are the future unmanned space exploration missions planned by
      NASA/JPL from now until the early part of the next century.  Some
      missions will begin in the very near future, others have yet-to-be-
      funded.  For all the missions JPL has either built or designed the
      spacecraft or has contributed key scientific instruments that will
      fly on the spacecraft.

      1   Engineers ready the Galileo spacecraft at the Jet Propulsion
          Laboratory; the 6,000 pound spacecraft is scheduled to begin its
          journey to Jupiter in October 1989.
      2   This artist's drawing shows the Galileo spacecraft as it travels
          through space with its high-gain antenna opened and its
          magnetometer sensors extended.  It will use the gravity of Venus
          and Earth to carry it to Jupiter and arrive in late 1995.
      3   The burn of the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) rocket carries the
          Galileo spacecraft away from the Space Shuttle.
      4   This artist's drawings shows the Galileo probe as it descends
          into Jupiter's stormy atmosphere to take samples of cloud
          layers.  The probe will transmit its data to the orbiter which
          will send it back to Earth.
      5   The Magellan spacecraft undergoes testing at Martin Marietta
          Astronautics in Denver.  To save costs, several major pieces of
          Magellan's hardware are spares from other missions.
      6   The Magellan spacecraft, attached to an Inertial Upper Stage
          (IUS) rocket, is carried into low Earth orbit by the space
          shuttle.  Magellan will travel one and half times around the Sun
          before it arrives at Venus 15 months after launch.
      7   This artist's drawing shows the Magellan spacecraft with its
          solar panels pointed toward the Sun as it begins its orbit near
          the north pole of Venus.
      8   This artist's drawing shows the Magellan spacecraft in an
          elliptical orbit around Venus and illustrates the mapping and
          data transmission phases of the mission.
      9   The Mars Observer spacecraft scans the surface of the red planet
          from its orbit in this artist's drawing.  Mars Observer is the
          first mission to use the new, low-cost Observer class
          spacecraft.
      10  The Mars Rover Sample Return (MRSR) mission will send a lander
          to Mars to collect soil samples for transport to Earth.  The
          mission would be a precursor to eventual manned Mars
          exploration.
      11  Ulysses, a joint project between NASA and the European Space
          Agency, will carry nine instruments to conduct experiments at
          polar regions of the Sun and in interstellar space never before
          explored.
      12  In this artist's drawing, the Comet Rendezvous Asteroid Flyby
          (CRAF) spacecraft ejects a penetrator toward the nucleus of a
          comet.  CRAFT is the first mission of the Mariner Mark II series
          of spacecraft.
      13  The Cassini spacecraft arrives at Titan, Saturn's largest moon,
          in this artist's drawing.  This Mariner Mark II spacecraft will
          orbit Saturn and carry a probe to sample the atmosphere of
          Titan.  Cassini is a joint Nasa-European Space Agency project.

                                                                  Page 20.

      14  NASA's Hubble Space Telescope will carry JPL's Wide-
          Field/Planetary Camera as one of its five astronomical
          instruments.  In this drawing, a shuttle approaches the
          telescope so that the astronauts may perform periodic
          maintenance.
      15  The Ocean Topography Experiment (TOPEX/Poseidon) is an
          international effort will be launched aboard a French Ariane
          rocket to study a variety of sea phenomena.
      16  JPL's Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) instrument
          sits in the cargo bay of the Space Shuttle and looks at Earth's
          atmosphere to determine its composition at various altitudes.
      17  JPL's Shuttle Imaging Radar (SIR) flies in the shuttle cargo bay
          and has the ability to collect data over virtually any region,
          with no regard for weather or sunlight.
      18  The NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) will make high-resolution
          measurements of winds near the ocean's surfaces to determine how
          the sea and air interact.
      19  The Earth Observing System (Eos) will carry about 10 instruments
          to observe the surface and atmosphere of the planet for more
          than a decade; it is a major element of NASA's Mission to Planet
          Earth.
      20  The Thousand Astronomical Units (TAU) mission would be launched
          from the Space Station and would travel 1,000 astronomical units
          (93 billion miles) from the Sun in a 40 year period to broaden
          the baseline for astrometric measurements of the stars.

                                                                  Page 21.

      VOYAGER MISSION TO NEPTUNE - JPL17_:

      Two Voyager spacecraft were launched in 1977 from Kennedy Space
      Center in Florida.  Voyager 1 flew by Jupiter in March 1979 and
      Saturn in November 1980.  Voyager 2 flew by Jupiter in July 1979,
      Saturn in August 1981, Uranus in January 1986 and Neptune in August
      1989.  The two spacecraft are now traveling out of the solar system
      into interstellar space -- searching for the heliopause, or the
      outer boundary of the Sun's energy influence.

      1   False-color image of Neptune.  Red areas are semitransparent
          haze covering planet.
      2   Neptune's Great Dark Spot, accompanied by white high-altitude
          clouds.
      3   Cloud systems in Neptune's southern hemisphere.
      4   Neptune through various camera filters.  Views reveal altitude
          data on cloud features.
      5   Great Dark Spot.  This storm system rotates counterclockwise.
      6   High-altitude cloud streaks in Neptune's atmosphere.
      7   Two views of satellite 1989N2.  Dark, irregularly shaped moon
          was discovered by Voyager 2.
      8   Satellite 1989N1, discovered by Voyager 2.
      9   Neptune's ring system, shown in two exposures lasting nearly 10
          minutes each.
      10  Detail of Neptune's rings.
      11  Bright southern hemisphere on Triton.
      12  View about 300 miles across of Triton's surface.
      13  Triton from 80,000 miles.  Long feature is probably a narrow
          down-dropped fault block.
      14  Triton's south polar terrain.  About 50 dark plumes mark what
          may be ice volcanoes.
      15  Triton from 25,000 miles.  Depressions may be caused by melting
          and collapsing of icy surface.
      16  Computer-generated perspective view of one of Triton's caldera-
          like depressions.
      17  High-resolution color mosaic of Triton.
      18  Triton just after closest approach.
      19  Post-encounter view of Neptune's south pole.
      20  Neptune and Triton 3 days after flyby.  Triton is smaller
          crescent and is closer to viewer.

                                                                  Page 22.

      MAGELLAN AT VENUS - JPL18_:

      Magellan is a NASA spacecraft mission to map the surface of Venus
      with imaging radar.  The basic scientific instrument in a synthetic
      aperture radar, or SAR, which can look through the thick clouds
      perpetually shielding the surface of Venus.  Magellan is in orbit
      around Venus which completes one turn around its axis in 243 Earth
      days.  That period of time, one Venus rotation, is the length of
      Magellan's primary mission.  During that time Magellan will map
      about 80% of the Venus surface.  Subsequent missions of equal
      duration will provide complete mapping of the planet.  Magellan was
      launched May 4, 1989, aboard the space shuttle Atlantis and went
      into orbit around Venus August 10, 1990.  The spacecraft completes
      one orbit every 3 hours and 15 minutes, passing as close to the
      planet as 294 kilometers (183 miles) and as far away from Venus as
      8,742 kilometers (5,265 miles).  The smallest visible objects
      measure approximately 120 meters (400 feet).

      1   P-36644 Trough feature, 28 km wide, 60 S, 347 E.
      2   P-36698 Wind streaks and fractured plains, 40 km wide, NE of
          Ushas Mons.
      3   P-36699 Gridded plains, 37 km wide, 30 N, 333 E.
      4   P-36838 Mosaic of area between Navka and Lavinia Planitia, 475
          km wide, 20 S, 337 E.
      5   P-36908 Western part of Clotho Tessera, 300 km wide, 55 N,
          335 E.
      6   P-36909 Soviet Venera (Behepa) 8 landing site in Navka, 400 km
          wide, 10 S, 335 E.
      7   P-37125 "Pancake" volcanic domes, average 25 km diameter, 30 S,
          11.8 E.
      8   P-37128 Impact crater Aurelia, 31.9 km diameter, 20.3 N,
          331.8 E.
      9   P-37135 Ridge belts in Lavinia Region, 615 km wide, 40 S,
          342.5 E.
      10  P-37137 False-color image of Sacajawea Patera Volcano, 120 km
          wide, 215 km long, 64.5 N, 337 E.
      11  P-31718 "Turtle-Back" fractured dome in Freyja Montes, 70 km
          wide, 72 N, 342 E.
      12  P-37139 Lakshmi Planum/Clotho Tessera, 250 km wide, 61 N, 341 E.
      13  P-37140 Cleopatra impact crater, 100 km diameter, 66 N, 10 E.
      14  P-31741 W. region of Maxwell Montes & Lakshmi Planum, 300 km
          wide, 65 N, 357 E.
      15  P-37236 Fractures and lava-flooded crater, 300 km wide, 60 S,
          352 E.
      16  P-37264 Sinuous volcanic channel N of Freyja Montes, 77 km wide,
          76.5 N, 335 E.
      17  P-37296 Dark halo impact crater in Lavinia, 38 km diameter, 2 km
          high, 21 N, 352 E.
      18  P-37342 False-color image of volcano Sif Mons, 300 km diameter,
          2 km high, 21 N, 352 E.
      19  P-37375 Mosais of 3 impact craters and fractured plains in
          Lavinia Planitia, 500 km wide, 27 S, 339 E.
      20  P-37431 False-color perspective of SE rim of Lakshmi Planum,
          Danu Montes rises 1.5 km above plateau (upper center).

                                                                  Page 23.

      CASSINI/HUYGENS - JPL19_:

      1   The Saturn System (P-23209C/BW):  This montage of images of the
          Satrunian system was prepared from an assemblage of images taken
          by the Voyager 1 spacecraft during its Saturn encounter November
          1980.  This artist's arrangement shows Dione in the forefront,
          Saturn rising behind, Tethys and Mimas fading in the distance to
          the right, Enceladus and Rhea off Saturn's rings to the left,
          and Titan in its distant orbit at the top.

      2   Science Objectives for Cassini/Huygens (P-30821): The objectives
          can be broken up into five scientific categories, as shown, and
          include Magnetosphere, Saturn, Rings, Titan and Icy Satellites.

      3   Cassini Interplanetary Trajectory:  Depicts the planned Cassini
          Interplanetary Trajectory beginning with launch from Earth on 26
          November 1995, followed by gravity assist flybys of Venus (2
          December 1996), Earth (5 July 1998) and Jupiter (4 April 2000).
          A close flyby of the asteroid Clarissa occurs on 18 November
          1998.  Saturn arrival is scheduled for 25 June 2004, beginning
          of a four year orbital tour of the Saturn system.

      4   Cassini Saturn Arrival and Initial Orbit:  This schematic
          illustrates Cassini Saturn arrival and initial orbit.  The
          Cassini spacecraft enters the Saturn system and performs an
          orbit insertion burn on 25 June 2004 to slow the spacecraft, put
          it into orbit around Saturn and start the four year orbital
          mission.  A periapse raise maneuver is performed on 2 September
          2004 to increase the minimum orbital distance and avoid Saturn's
          rings.  They Huygens probe is released on 20 Oct. 2004 and the
          spacecraft performs an orbiter deflection maneuver 2 11/14/80.

      5   Titan (P-23108 C):  A thick haze layer is shown in this enhanced
          Voyager 1 image taken November 12, 1980 at a distance of 435,000
          kilometers (270,000 miles).  Voyager images of Saturn's largest
          moon show Titan completely enveloped by haze that merges with a
          darker "hood" or cloud layer over the north pole.  Such a mantle
          is not present at the south pole.  At Voyager's closest approach
          on Nov. 11, 1980, instruments found that this moon has a sub-
          stantial atmosphere, far denser than Mars' and possibly Earth's.

      6   Entry! (P-38119):  Artist's conception of Cassini Orbiter with
          the Huygens Probe entering Titan's atmosphere.

      7   Huygens Descent Profile:  This picture illustrates the Huygens
          Probe descent profile, beginning with the initial encounter with
          the Titan atmosphere and subsequent deceleration.  As the probe
          slows a small parachute is released which deploys the main probe
          parachute.  Once the parachute is fully open the decelerator
          shield is jettisoned and the probe drifts toward Titan's liquid
          or solid surface.  About 40 km above the surface the parachute
          is jettisoned and the probe falls freely the remaining distance.
          Science data are continuously being transmitted by the probe to
          the orbiter for relay to earth.  On impact, a small science
          package is released and a few minutes of post-impact science
          data are transmitted to the orbiter.

                                                                  Page 24.

      8   Titan Radar (P-34839):  This artist's conception illustrates the
          radar's capability to map the surface of Titan.  Radar images of
          the surface are taken at a typical resolution of about 500 m.
          Altimetry and subsurface sounding measurements are made also.

      9   Cassini Orbital Tour:  This schematic depicts the first 36
          orbits of the four year Saturn orbital tour.  These orbits lie
          primarily in the equatorial plane of Saturn and contain close
          flybys of many of Saturn's ice satellites.  The final orbits
          will place the spacecraft in a highly inclined orbit about
          Saturn's pole and provide excellent ring viewing and
          observations of Saturn and its magnetosphere at high latitudes.

      10  Hyperion (P-23936 C/BW):  Voyager 2 obtained this closeup view
          of Saturn's satellite Hyperion on August 24 from about 500,000
          km. (300,000 miles).  This photo was compiled from three
          separate images taken through violet, clear and green filters.
          It shows Hyperion to be an irregular, disc-shaped body.  Its
          longest dimension is 360 km. (225 mi.), but in this view it
          presents a face measuring 325 km. by 250 km. (200 mi. by 150
          mi.).  The irregular shape is probably a result of repeated
          impacts that have taken off large pieces of the satellite.  The
          large indentation at the bottom limb is one such crater; it is
          about 100 km (60 mi) across.  The numerous small pits are impact
          craters, the smallest is about 10-20 km (6-12 mi.) across.

      11  Enceladus (P-23955 C/BW):  This Voyager 2 mosaic of Enceladus
          was made from images taken through the clear, violet and green
          filters August 25 from a distance of 119,000 kilometers (74,000
          miles).  In many ways, the surface of this satellite of Saturn
          resembles that of Jupiter's Galilean satellite Ganymede.
          Enceladus, however, is only one-tenth Ganymede's size.  Some
          regions of Enceladus show impact craters up to 35 km. (22 mi.)
          in diameter, whereas other areas are smooth and uncratered.
          Linear sets of grooves tens of kilometers long traverse the
          surface and are probably faults resulting from deformation of
          the crust.  The uncratered regions are geologically young and
          suggest that Enceladus has experienced a period of relatively
          recent internal melting.  The rims of several craters near the
          lower center of the picture have been flooded by the smooth
          terrain.  The satellite is about 500 km. (310 mi.) in diameter
          and has the brightest and whitest surface of any of Saturn's
          satellites.  Features as small as 2 km. (1.2 mi.) are visible in
          this highest-resolution view of Enceladus.

      12  Far encounter from Voyager shows a "classical" image of Saturn.

      13  Saturnian Clouds #1 (P-23062 C/BW):  This enhanced color image
          of the northern hemisphere of Saturn taken by NASA's Voyager 1
          on November 5, 1980 at a range of 9 million kilometers (5.5
          million miles) shows a variety of features in Saturn's clouds:
          Small-scale convective cloud features are visible in the brown
          belt; an isolated convective cloud with a dark ring is seen in
          the light brown zone; and a longitudinal wave is visible in the
          light blue region.  The smallest features visible in this
          photograph are 175 kilometers (108.7 mi.) across.

                                                                  Page 25.

      14  Saturnian Clouds #2 (P-23922C):  This false color picture of
          Saturn's northern hemisphere was assembled from ultraviolet,
          violet and green images obtained August 19 by Voyager 2 from a
          range of 7.1 million kilometers (4.4 million miles).  The
          several weather patterns evident include three spots flowing
          westward about 15-meters-per-second (33 mph).  Although the
          cloud system associated with the western-most spot is part of
          this flow, the spot itself moves eastward at about 30 meters-
          per-second (65 mph).  Their joint flow shows the anti-cyclonic
          rotation of the spot, which is about 3,000 km (1,900 mi.) in
          diameter.  The ribbon-like feature to the north marks a high-
          speed jet where wind speeds approach 150 meters/sec.  (330 mph).

      15  Colors of Saturn's Rings (P-23953C):  Possible variations in
          chemical composition from one part of Saturn's ring system to
          another are visible in this Voyager 2 picture as subtle color
          variations that can be recorded with special computer-processing
          techniques.  This highly enhanced color view was assembled from
          clear, orange and ultraviolet frames obtained August 17 from a
          distance of 8.9 million kilometers (5.5 million miles).  In
          addition to the previously known blue color of the C-ring and
          the Cassini Division, the picture shows additional color
          differences between the inner B-ring and outer region (where the
          spokes form) and between these and the A-ring.

      16  Ring Spokes (P-23925 B/W):  Voyager 2 obtained this high-
          resolution picture of Saturn's rings August 22, when the
          spacecraft was 4 million kilometers (2.5 million miles) away.
          Evident here are the numerous "spoke" features in the B-ring;
          their sharp, narrow appearance suggests short formation times.
          Scientists think electromagnetic forces are responsible in some
          way for these features, but no detailed theory has been worked
          out.  Such pictures and analyses of Voyager 2's spoke movies may
          reveal more clues about the origins of these complex structures.

      17  "Braided Ring" (P-23099 B/W):  Saturn's F, or outermost ring was
          photographed from the un-illuminated face of the rings by
          Voyager 1 at a range of 750,000 kilometers (470,000 mi.).
          Complex structure is evident, with several components seen.  Two
          narrow, braided, bright rings that race distinct orbits are
          evident.  Visible is a broader, very diffuse component about 35
          km. (20 mi.) in width.  Also seen are "knots," which probably
          are local clumps of ring material, but may be mini-moons.

      18  Cassini Spacecraft (with Huygens Probe detached):  The remote
          sensing instrument platform is on a boom in the foreground,
          complete with its irregularly spaced sun shade.  The long,
          narrow plasma wave antennas are shown attached to the
          magnetometer boom.  The rotating turntable is shown on a boom
          extending away from the craft, along with its curved sun shade.

      19  Cassini Spacecraft (view from direction opposite of Slide #18).

      20  Comparison of Voyager, Galileo and Cassini Spacecraft:
          Schematics of the Voyager, Galileo and CRAF/Cassini are shown.
          CRAF/Cassini is the largest of the three and, to date, will be
          the largest spacecraft sent to the outer solar system.